The history of the turbocharger goes back almost as far as that of the internal combustion engine itself. A turbocharger - also called an exhaust gas turbocharger - is mounted on the engine's exhaust manifold and harnesses the energy of exhaust gases that is normally lost.
At Turbo Service Nederland, we are happy to explain how this compact powerplant works and why it makes such a big difference to performance and fuel economy.
How does a turbo work?
Exhaust gases produced by the engine flow into the turbocharger through the turbine housing (or exhaust housing). There, they drive the turbine wheel on, which is connected via an axis to the compressor wheel.
- Turbine silk: The exhaust gases set the turbine wheel in motion and then leave the turbocharger through the exhaust system.
- Compressor side: As the turbine wheel turns, the compressor wheel automatically turns with it. This draws in fresh air through the air filter, compresses it in the compressor housing and sends the compressed air to the intake manifold and cylinders.
The result? More powerful and efficient combustion with more power, lower fuel consumption and fewer CO₂ emissions.
The rotor: the heart of the turbocharger
The turbine wheel, shaft and compressor wheel make up the rotor of the turbocharger. This rotates at extremely high speeds - often over 200,000 rpm - and requires perfect lubrication.
Engine oil, supplied by the engine's oil pump, lubricates and cools all moving parts in the bearing housing. After lubrication, the oil drains back into the crankcase, ready for reuse.
Variable geometry: performance in any speed
Since the mid-1990s, the Variable Nozzle Turbo (VNT) turbocharger has been a thing of the past. This technology uses adjustable guide vanes in the turbine housing.
- At low rpm, the vanes provide a rapid buildup of turbo pressure.
- At high rpm, they adjust for maximum flow and peak power.
In 2007, BorgWarner was even commissioned by Porsche to develop a VNT turbocharger that can withstand the high temperatures of gasoline engines - an important step in the evolution of turbo technology.
Want to know more?
Whether you are looking for more technical information, an expert overhaul or a new turbocharger: at Turbo Service Netherlands we are ready with knowledge, experience and passion for the profession.
Call us for direct advice or use the contact form - we are happy to help.